Originally a wig maker, Arkwright is considered by some historians to be an inventor but others consider him to be a man who used other peoples inventions for his own purposes and that he should be considered more a brilliant business man rather than a pure inventor.
He lived in a time when patents were rarely used by inventors — so if someone was not careful with a good invention of theirs, that invention or one extremely similar to it, could be used by someone else. The machine worked all hours — if it did not break down — and it needed few people to keep it running. A factory needed an engineer and anybody else on the work floor was essentially unskilled and did basic and badly paid work. Children were especially useful in textile factories as they could crawl underneath machinery to do repairs even as the machine still worked.
Arkwright also took the patent of a rotary carding engine. This engine was very important for the people at that time to want to create the cotton lap from the raw cotton. This man could combine the semi skilled labor, power, machinery and cotton to generate the mass produced yarn.
His mill was located at Cromford, Derbyshire. He became the modern factory system creator due to his skill and invention. Therefore, he was called as the father of the industrial revolution. Find out another figure in Arcimboldo facts. In , a machine for carding has been invented by Lewis Paul. The machine was improved by Arkwright. He was awarded with a patent for a new carding engine in This machine enabled the people to transform the raw cotton buds into fibers.
Then it could be spun into yarn. Arkwright and John Smalley decided to establish a small factory at Nottingham. In , he marries Patience Holt. They have a son. But a year later, Patience is dead.
Grief gives way to ambition. Richard, a hairdresser, decides he wants to become an entrepreneur and start his own company. They have three children. Only their daughter survives into adulthood. He decides to manufacture male wigs. But by the time he starts up his own Bolton based business in , the fashion for them is already passing its peak.
During his travels round the country collecting hair he comes across a method for dyeing it that makes it waterproof. The extra cash it generates will give him the money to finance the development of his first spinning machine.
The textile business at this time is often literally a cottage industry. Raw cotton is turned into threads using a spinning wheel in the family home. These turn cotton or wool into threads, one at a time, which are then woven onto looms to make fabric.
This fabric can be then used to make, for example, clothes. Arkwright believes he can make his fortune from the right invention. In , he teams up with a Warrington watch and clockmaker, John Kay. Kay and reed-maker Thomas Highs have been working on a mechanical spinning machine.
But a lack of funding frustrates them. It substitutes the need for human hands and fingers using instead machine and metal to create stronger spun thread, more quickly and easily. It will revolutionise the world of work but it will also make thousands of skilled workers obsolete.
Their first spinning frame is put into use in It is the first powered, automatic, and continuous textile machine. It marks the move away from home production to mass manufacturing in factories. He invented the modern factory. Strutt and Need are impressed with Arkwright's machine and agree to form a partnership. That year, Arkwright takes out a patent on his spinning machine. As Arkwright's spinning frame is too large to be hand operated, horses are employed. But when this experiment fails, they harness the power of the water wheel.
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