Most chapters also end with a Giving It Some Thought vignette in which students are provided with a hypothetical situation concerning a health and society issue and asked to show on how they would respond in the situation. No access codes are included. Save my name, email, and website in this browser for the next time I comment.
Notify me of new posts by email. Find Book. Health problems of social aggregates. Answer: E. A scientist who studies the origin and distribution of all types of diseases is best described as a n : a. Social worker. Answer: C. An investigation into an outbreak of disease or illness. The classification of a disorder, illness, or injury.
A collection of a single type of disorder, illness, or injury. A single episode of a disorder, illness, or injury involving an individual. There is no such epidemiological term. Answer: D. A researcher is interested in reporting how many people in a community were diagnosed with HIV during the past month. Crude rate. Age-specific rate. Answer: A. Which of the following is TRUE about incidence and prevalence? Prevalence is used to analyze the rate at which new cases occur. Incidence and prevalence are interchangeable terms.
Incidence is reported in raw numbers while prevalence is expressed as a ratio. The incidence for a given disease can be low at the same time that its prevalence is high. None of the above Answer: D. A ratio, such as the crude mortality rate, is expressed as: a. Total number of cases divided by prevalence. Total number of cases divided by incidence.
Total number of cases divided by total population. Total number of cases times total population. Total number of cases times incidence. Answer: C 7. Prevalence of chronic diseases. Life expectancy. Infant mortality rate. Crude birth rate. Age adjusted fertility rate. What is NOT a factor in the increasing emergence of epidemics? Increase in international transportation channels. Migration from rural areas into urban cities. Increase in public sanitation. All of the above.
None of the above. Whose investigations into cholera outbreaks established the foundation of modern epidemiology? Louis Pasteur. John Snow. Karl Marx. Ralph Paffenbarger. All these men helped lay the foundation of epidemiology. Answer: B. Germ theory provided a framework for understanding the causal agents of disease. What are the five agents recognized today?
Biological, social, psychological, toxic, and environmental. Biological, physical, social, mental, and metaphysical. Biological, physical, social, mental, and psychological. Biological, nutritional, chemical, mental, and psychological. Biological, nutritional, chemical, physical, and social. The science of epidemiology has passed through three eras and is entering a fourth. In what order did it pass through the first three eras? Sanitary, Infectious, Chronic. Sanitary, Chronic, Infectious.
Chronic, Sanitary, Infectious. Chronic, Infectious, Sanitary. Infectious, Sanitary, Chronic. As a nation shifts from primarily rural-agricultural to urban-industrial, what changes are seen in the health profile of the nation?
Leading causes of death change from mostly chronic diseases to infectious diseases. Leading causes of death change from mostly infectious diseases to chronic diseases. Infectious diseases are eliminated entirely d. Both infectious and chronic diseases are reduced to a minimum.
There is no difference Answer: B. What is the leading cause of death in the United States, accounting for more than onethird of all deaths? Heart disease. The study was important for showing that arteriosclerosis does not strike people at random as they age, but that highly susceptible individuals can be identified in advance. What do studies on diet, exercise, and obesity suggest with respect to heart disease?
Obesity is the result of individual choices and relates little to the development of heart disease. Only lengthy, vigorous physical activity has been shown to provide some protection against heart disease. Homosexual and bisexual men. Homosexual and bisexual women. Intravenous drug users. Blood transfusion patients. Children of a parent with AIDS. Native Americans. Non-Hispanic whites.
Non-Hispanic African Americans.
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